setting max_workers to 1 prevents the error (but, I assume, it may come the cost of slower sequential uploads).

This seems like a question to GS storage, maybe we should open an issue there, their backend does the rate limit

My main concern now is that this may happen within a pipeline leading to unreliable data handling.

I'm assuming the pipeline code will have max_workers, but maybe we could have a configuration value so that we can set it across all workers, wdyt?

If

Dataset.upload()

does not crash or return a success value that I can check and

Are you saying that with this error showing upload data does not crash?