I have to correct myself, I do not even have CUDA installed. Only the driver and everything CUDA-related is provided by the docker container. This works with a container that has CUDA 11.4, but now I have one with 11.6 (latest nvidia pytorch docker).

However, even after changing the clearml.conf and overriding with CUDA_VERSION, the clearml-agent prints on the docker container agent.cuda_version = 114 ! (Other changes to the clearml.conf on the agent are reflected in the docker, so only the CUDA version has an issue).