Basically the Agent automates the docker run command with everything that you need (this can become rather complex). You can see this in the third line of the console log:
Executing: ['docker', 'run', '-t', '--gpus', 'all', '-l', 'clearml-worker-id=ip-172-31-28-179:0', '-l', 'clearml-parent-worker-id=ip-172-31-28-179:0', '-e', 'CLEARML_WORKER_ID=ip-172-31-28-179:0', '-e', 'CLEARML_DOCKER_IMAGE=nvidia/cuda:10.2-cudnn7-runtime-ubuntu18.04', '-e', 'CLEARML_TASK_ID=cdbfa9cda5ab4d86b012a87362026b23', '-v', '/tmp/.clearml_agent.bgu12h4e.cfg:/root/clearml.conf', '-v', '/tmp/clearml_agent.ssh.a991gp7v:/root/.ssh', '-v', '/home/ubuntu/.clearml/apt-cache:/var/cache/apt/archives', '-v', '/home/ubuntu/.clearml/pip-cache:/root/.cache/pip', '-v', '/home/ubuntu/.clearml/pip-download-cache:/root/.clearml/pip-download-cache', '-v', '/home/ubuntu/.clearml/cache:/clearml_agent_cache', '-v', '/home/ubuntu/.clearml/vcs-cache:/root/.clearml/vcs-cache', '--rm', 'nvidia/cuda:10.2-cudnn7-runtime-ubuntu18.04', 'bash', '-c', 'echo \'Binary::apt::APT::Keep-Downloaded-Packages "true";\' > /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/docker-clean ; chown -R root /root/.cache/pip ; export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive ; export CLEARML_APT_INSTALL="$CLEARML_APT_INSTALL libsm6 libxext6 libxrender-dev libglib2.0-0" ; [ ! -z $(which git) ] || export CLEARML_APT_INSTALL="$CLEARML_APT_INSTALL git" ; declare LOCAL_PYTHON ; [ ! -z $LOCAL_PYTHON ] || for i in {15..5}; do which python3.$i && python3.$i -m pip --version && export LOCAL_PYTHON=$(which python3.$i) && break ; done ; [ ! -z $LOCAL_PYTHON ] || export CLEARML_APT_INSTALL="$CLEARML_APT_INSTALL python3-pip" ; [ -z "$CLEARML_APT_INSTALL" ] || (apt-get update -y ; apt-get install -y $CLEARML_APT_INSTALL) ; [ ! -z $LOCAL_PYTHON ] || export LOCAL_PYTHON=python3 ; $LOCAL_PYTHON -m pip install -U "pip<20.2" ; $LOCAL_PYTHON -m pip install -U clearml-agent ; cp /root/clearml.conf /root/default_clearml.conf ; NVIDIA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=all $LOCAL_PYTHON -u -m clearml_agent execute --disable-monitoring --id cdbfa9cda5ab4d86b012a87362026b23']